GreenLight Laser Vaporisation of the Prostate
What is GreenLight laser vaporisation of the prostate?
GreenLight laser vaporisation of the prostate is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat urinary symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia. The procedure uses a high-powered laser to remove excess prostate tissue. By clearing the obstructing tissue and relieving pressure on the urethra, urine flow improves and bladder emptying becomes easier. This technique offers an effective alternative to traditional surgery with a lower risk of bleeding.
Why is it needed?
GreenLight laser surgery may be recommended when urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate, such as weak urinary flow, frequency, urgency or incomplete bladder emptying, begin to affect daily life. It is also considered when medications have not provided enough relief, are not tolerated or have stopped working.
The treatment may be advised for men who experience repeated urinary tract infections, bladder stones or bleeding caused by prostate enlargement. GreenLight laser therapy is often preferred by those seeking a surgical option with reduced bleeding risk compared to conventional procedures such as transurethral resection of the prostate.
What happens during the procedure?
The procedure is performed under general or spinal anaesthesia. A thin telescope called a cystoscope is passed through the urethra into the prostate. The GreenLight laser is then used to vaporise the obstructing prostate tissue.
This creates a widened channel through the prostate, allowing urine to flow more freely. A catheter is usually placed temporarily to drain the bladder after surgery. The procedure typically takes between sixty and ninety minutes depending on prostate size. Most people can go home the same day or after one night in hospital.
What are the alternatives?
Several alternatives may be available depending on the severity of symptoms and the size of the prostate. Medications such as alpha-blockers or 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may relieve symptoms for some individuals.
Transurethral resection of the prostate is a standard surgical option. UroLift implants and Rezum water vapour therapy are minimally invasive alternatives that may be suitable for selected patients. For very large prostates, an open or robotic simple prostatectomy may be recommended. Observation may be appropriate if symptoms are mild or do not interfere with daily activities.
Potential risks and after effects
GreenLight laser surgery is generally safe, but some temporary effects are common. Mild burning or urinary frequency may occur for one to two weeks after the procedure. Blood in the urine may appear for a few days and usually clears without intervention.
A urinary tract infection can occur and may require antibiotics. Some individuals experience temporary difficulty passing urine and may need a catheter for a few additional days. Retrograde ejaculation, in which semen flows into the bladder instead of out of the penis, may occur and is permanent but harmless. Erectile dysfunction is uncommon.
A small number of people may require repeat treatment several years after their initial procedure.
After the procedure
Following surgery, most individuals either stay in hospital overnight or are discharged on the same day. The catheter is usually removed the following day once urinary flow is adequate. Drinking plenty of fluids helps flush the bladder and reduce irritation.
Strenuous activity, heavy lifting and sexual activity should be avoided for two to four weeks. Mild frequency, urgency or small clots in the urine are common during the healing period and improve over time.
Follow-up care
A follow-up appointment is usually arranged within four to six weeks to assess urinary flow and overall recovery. Additional follow-up at three to six months may be recommended, with further review as needed depending on symptoms.
Long-term monitoring may be advised if symptoms recur or if there are concerns about bladder function. Ongoing lifestyle and medication guidance can help support urinary health and maintain symptom improvement.
Prostate Procedures
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